Dietary Fatty Acids and Inflammation [Elektronisk resurs] Observational and Interventional Studies
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Bjermo, Helena, 1981- (författare)
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Risérus, Ulf (preses)
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Cederholm, Tommy (preses)
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Yaqoob, Parveen (opponent)
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Uppsala universitet Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet (utgivare)
- Publicerad: Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2011
- Engelska 75
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Serie: Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine, 1651-6206 1651-6206
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Sammanfattning
Ämnesord
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- Dietary fat quality influences the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A low-grade inflammation is suggested to contribute to the disease development, often accompanied by obesity. Whereas n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been considered anti-inflammatory, n-6 PUFA have been proposed to act pro-inflammatory. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) act pro-inflammatory in vitro . This thesis aimed to investigate effects of different fatty acids on low-grade inflammation in observational and interventional studies. In Paper I and II, fatty acid composition in serum cholesterol esters was used as objective marker of dietary fat quality and related to serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and other circulating inflammatory markers in two population-based cohorts, conducted in middle-aged men and elderly men and women, respectively. In Paper III and IV, the impact of diets differing in fat quality on inflammation and oxidative stress was investigated in randomised controlled studies, in subjects with metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity. In Paper I and II, a low proportion of linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) in serum was associated with higher CRP concentrations, indicating that a low intake of vegetable fats may be related to low-grade inflammation. High CRP concentrations were also associated with high proportions of palmitoleic (16:1) and oleic (18:1) acids and high stearoyl coenzymeA desaturase index, possibly reflecting altered fat metabolism and/or high SFA intake in this population. When comparing two high-fat diets rich in either saturated or monounsaturated fat, and two low-fat diets with or without long-chain n-3 PUFA supplementation during 12 weeks (Paper III), no differences in inflammation or oxidative stress markers were observed. Moreover, a 10-week intervention (Paper IV) with high linoleic acid intake showed no adverse effects on inflammation or oxidative stress. Instead, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 decreased after linoleic acid intake compared with a diet high in SFA. The results in this thesis indicate that dietary n-6 PUFA found in vegetable fats is associated with lower inflammation marker levels, and to some extent reduces systemic inflammation when compared with SFA. Supplementation of n-3 PUFA did not exert any systemic anti-inflammatory effects, maybe due to a relatively low dose.
Ämnesord
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Health Sciences (hsv)
- Nutrition and Dietetics (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Hälsovetenskaper (hsv)
- Näringslära (hsv)
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Health Sciences (hsv)
- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Hälsovetenskaper (hsv)
- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv)
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Health Sciences (hsv)
- Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Hälsovetenskaper (hsv)
- Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi (hsv)
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Basic Medicine (hsv)
- Immunology in the medical area (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper (hsv)
- Immunologi inom det medicinska området (hsv)
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Clinical Medicine (hsv)
- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Klinisk medicin (hsv)
- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv)
- Medical and Health Sciences (hsv)
- Clinical Medicine (hsv)
- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv)
- Medicin och hälsovetenskap (hsv)
- Klinisk medicin (hsv)
- Kardiologi (hsv)
- MEDICINE (svep)
- Physiology and pharmacology (svep)
- Physiology (svep)
- Nutrition (svep)
- MEDICIN (svep)
- Fysiologi och farmakologi (svep)
- Fysiologi (svep)
- Näringslära (svep)
- MEDICINE (svep)
- Social medicine (svep)
- Public health medicine research areas (svep)
- Epidemiology (svep)
- MEDICIN (svep)
- Socialmedicin (svep)
- Folkhälsomedicinska forskningsområden (svep)
- Epidemiologi (svep)
- MEDICINE (svep)
- Social medicine (svep)
- Public health medicine research areas (svep)
- Public health science (svep)
- MEDICIN (svep)
- Socialmedicin (svep)
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- Folkhälsovetenskap (svep)
- MEDICINE (svep)
- Microbiology, immunology, infectious diseases (svep)
- Immunology (svep)
- MEDICIN (svep)
- Mikrobiologi, immunologi, infektionssjukdomar (svep)
- Immunologi (svep)
- MEDICINE (svep)
- Dermatology and venerology,clinical genetics, internal medicine (svep)
- Internal medicine (svep)
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- Dermatologi och venerologi, klinisk genetik, invärtesmedicin (svep)
- Invärtesmedicin (svep)
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- Dermatology and venerology,clinical genetics, internal medicine (svep)
- Internal medicine (svep)
- Cardiology (svep)
- MEDICIN (svep)
- Dermatologi och venerologi, klinisk genetik, invärtesmedicin (svep)
- Invärtesmedicin (svep)
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- Medical Science (uu)
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Genre
- government publication (marcgt)
Indexterm och SAB-rubrik
- Dietary fat
- Fatty acids
- Serum fatty acid composition
- Linoleic acid
- Stearoyl coenzymeA desaturase
- SCD-1
- Inflammation
- C-reactive protein
- Oxidative stress
- Lipid peroxidation
- Isoprostanes
- Prostaglandins
- Obesity
- Epidemiology
- Dietary intervention
- Metabolic syndrome
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